Die Wirksamkeit von Psychotherapien für bestimmte \"Erkrankungen\" nachzuweisen ist außerordentlich schwierig und kostspielig. Hier kommt ein Zitat aus dem (sehr empfehlenswerten) Buch von Maddux (Hrsg.) \"Psychopathology\" (Vorwort:
http://web.fu-berlin.de/gesund/lehre/maddux/LEA-1(Maddux).pdf ), Kapitel über \"Psychopathology Research\" von Steward/Chambless S 128/129:
\"Empirically Validated Treatments
Several of the chapters in part II of this volume mention the terms empirically validated treatments or empirically supported treatments (ESTs) for the disorders reviewed in that chapter. In general these terms are used interchangeably to refer to treatments that have met the standards set by one or more groups who have reviewed the psychotherapy literature to identify treatments that work for particular disorders or presenting problems (see Chambless & Ollendick, 2001 for a review). These efforts were initiated in the United States by Division 12 (Society of Clinical Psychology) of the American Psychological Association. Division 12\'s Task Force on the Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures (later the Committee on Science and Practice) defined ESTs as treatments that were probably efficacious or efficacious. Probably efficacious treatments are those that have been found to be superior to waiting list control groups in two or more studies, that have been found to be superior to another treatment in at least one study, or that have been found to be superior to another treatment in multiple studies but only tested by one research group. Efficacious treatments were defined as those that have proved more beneficial than placebo conditions or alternative treatments by more than one research group. (Note that we abbreviate the criteria here, and a complete description maybe found in Chambless, Baker et al., 1998.) In both cases, when multiple studies were available, the preponderance of the most exacting evidence had to favor the treatment\'s efficacy. Moreover, treatments had to be tested according to the methods described in this section for rigorous psychotherapy research.
At the time of their 2001 review, Chambless and Ollendick noted that the various review groups tackling the psychotherapy literature had identified 108 ESTs for adults and 37 for children. The iden¬tification of ESTs may be categorized as a part of the evidence-based practice movement. According to the principles of evidence-based practice, clinicians are encouraged to integrate the best research evidence regarding possible treatment of a patient with their clinical expertise and consideration of the patient\'s characteristics and values (Sackett, Straus, Richardson, Rosenberg, & Haynes, 2000). Thus, evidence-based practice includes not only EST research but also any other sort of evidence the practitioner might bring to bear on treatment decisions; for example, knowledge of the importance of building positive expectations for change and of developing a strong working alliance with the client. Compilations of ESTs are intended to serve as quick guides for clinicians, students, and edu¬cators who want to learn more about how to effectively treat a variety of disorders but who do not have time or the expertise to conduct extensive literature reviews themselves. With support from the National Institute of Mental Health, a website has been developed to help consumers and therapists access information about ESTs (
http://www.therapyadvisor.org). The Committee on Accreditation, which reviews and accredits doctoral programs and internships in professional psychology, requires that at least some of a student\'s didactic and practical training be devoted to the study of ESTs (Office of Program Consultation and Accreditation, 1996).\"
Sowie:
http://www.apa.org/divisions/div12/rev_est/index.html
Ich hab mich noch nicht intensiver mit den Websites beschäftigt, aber man kann wohl auch Fragen stellen (wenn die dann sagen, es gibt nichts, dann gibt es wohl auch nichts). Ich glaube kaum, dass es EST\'s speziell für MCS gibt. Am wahrscheinlichsten ist es wohl, dass man MCS als somatoforme Störung diagnostiziert und dann entsprechend zu behandeln versucht. Somatoforme Störungen sind aber glaube ich sehr schwer zu behandeln (oder wie man das nennen will) und Studien, MCS als somatoforme Störung zu klassifizieren versuchen nicht gerade überzeugend. (Es gibt wohl auch Versuche MCS als Angststörung zu klassifizieren, doch scheint das anderen empririschen Ergebnissen über Angststörungen zu widersprechen.)
Im Gegensatz dazu gibt es die grundgute Studie von Reed-Gibson über das was hilft und was nicht (Übersetzung irgendwo hier bei CSN).
- Editiert von Karlheinz am 24.11.2008, 09:02 -
- Editiert von Karlheinz am 24.11.2008, 09:03 -